From Trade to Strategic Partnership: Agriculture and the India–Canada CEPA

This report makes the case for treating agriculture as the anchor of the India-Canada economic reset, and for institutionalizing it under the CEPA negotiations now targeted for conclusion by the end of 2026. I
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This report makes the case for treating agriculture as the anchor of the India-Canada economic reset, and for institutionalizing it under the CEPA negotiations now targeted for conclusion by the end of 2026. India’s demand for pulses outruns its domestic production and it imports the whole of its muriate of potash requirement; Canada leads the world in lentil and dry pea exports and produces close to a third of global potash. The corridor is nonetheless unstable. In 2025 Australia displaced Canada as India’s largest pulse supplier, Canada’s share of India’s potash imports fell to about a quarter as Russia and Turkmenistan moved ahead of it, and a single notification took yellow peas from nil duty to 30 percent overnight. Compiled from UN Comtrade, Statistics Canada, USGS and Indian and Canadian government notifications, the report proposes a four-instrument agricultural framework within CEPA and phases its implementation across twenty-four months.

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