The report outlines a brief history of the Naxalite movement in India, and the Counterinsurgency (COIN) approach adopted by the Indian state. It lays out the organizational setup of the Naxals and addresses the state of the movement today. It outlines the state actors involved in the conflict and the different security forces who form the frontline. It assesses the factors – political, strategic, operational, organizational, and developmental, affecting key actors and their inclination for negotiations, and provides key recommendations for the future.