Tag: Sindoor

This is the closing report in the series, and it turns from what has happened to what comes next. It asks where the India-Pakistan relationship is heading a year after the April-May 2025 crisis, now that the relationship has been stripped to almost nothing, with no trade, a suspended Indus Waters Treaty, downgraded missions, and severed people-to-people ties.

This report is the second in the series and shifts from hardware to power. It examines how the April–May 2025 crisis with India catalyzed the Pakistan Army’s consolidation of domestic control under Asim Munir. Tracking developments chronologically across three fronts- military, political, and judicial- it argues that the crisis let Munir move from expanding power within Pakistan’s hybrid system to changing the system itself.

This report examines how the 7–10 May 2025 India-Pakistan conflict has reshaped Pakistan’s military thinking, procurement, and higher defense organization. Focusing on the period since the crisis, it traces the relative demotion of nuclear “full-spectrum deterrence” in favor of a conventional “Quid Pro Quo Plus” posture built for limited, stand-off, non-contact warfare. It assesses service-by-service acquisitions across the Air Force, Navy, and Army.

This report argues that India’s traditional air defence (AD) architecture—reliant on expensive, centralized missile systems—is becoming obsolete against the proliferating threat of low-cost, autonomous drone swarms. The May 2025 “Operation Sindoor” crisis exposed a critical “cost asymmetry”: expending million-dollar interceptors against disposable $2,000 FPV drones is economically unsustainable, allowing adversaries to easily exhaust India’s magazine depth.

Operation Sindoor marks a strategic inflection point in India’s military history, representing the most significant escalation in India-Pakistan relations since the Kargil conflict in 1999. This edited volume examines the […]

This report chronicles the April-May 2025 India-Pakistan conflict sparked by a terrorist attack in Pahalgam. It details escalating military exchanges featuring drone warfare and precision strikes, while tracking diplomatic interventions. The confrontation demonstrated conventional warfare under nuclear shadow before ending with a May 10 ceasefire.